Search results for "glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase"

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Mechanisms of action of metformin in type 2 diabetes: Effects on mitochondria and leukocyte-endothelium interactions.

2020

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a very prevalent, multisystemic, chronic metabolic disorder closely related to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. It is characterised by mitochondrial dysfunction and the presence of oxidative stress. Metformin is one of the safest and most effective anti-hyperglycaemic agents currently employed as first-line oral therapy for T2D. It has demonstrated additional beneficial effects, unrelated to its hypoglycaemic action, on weight loss and several diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disorders and metabolic diseases, including thyroid diseases. Despite the vast clinical experience gained over several decades of use, the mechanism of action of metformin i…

0301 basic medicineAdvanced glycation end product (AGE)AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)endocrine system diseasesglycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD)Clinical Biochemistrytype 1 diabetes (T1D)Type 2 diabetesmTORC1Review Articleelectron transport chain (ETC)PharmacologyMitochondrionmedicine.disease_causeBiochemistry0302 clinical medicineLeukocytesCREB-binding protein (CBP)inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM)lcsh:QH301-705.5lcsh:R5-920cAMP response element-binding (CREB)glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1)type 2 diabetes (T2D)Type 2 diabetesMetforminMetforminMitochondriamedicine.anatomical_structurereactive nitrogen species (RNS)reactive oxygen species (ROS)sirtuin (SIRT)medicine.symptomlcsh:Medicine (General)cardiovascular diseases (CVD)medicine.drugEndotheliumnitric oxide synthase (NOS)polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)Pathophysiologyinsulin resistance (IR)superoxide dismutase (SOD)03 medical and health sciencesglycated haemoglobin (HbA1c)medicineorganic cation transporter (OCT)HumansEndotheliumintercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)business.industryoxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)Organic Chemistryperoxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α)AMPKmedicine.diseaseAtherosclerosisvascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1)Treatment030104 developmental biologylcsh:Biology (General)Mechanism of actionDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Oxidative stressbusinessinsulin receptor substrate (IRS)030217 neurology & neurosurgeryOxidative stress

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PEPhysical Sciences and Engineering
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LSLife Sciences
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SHSocial Sciences and Humanities
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